In some cases, Ledderhose disease disappears on its own. If surgery is performed, the biopsy is predominantly cellular and frequently misdiagnosed as fibrosarcoma. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. The Bader Medical Institute of London is at the forefront of obstetrics and gynaecology, offering not only the more conventional gynaecological treatments, but also cutting-edge innovations in cosmetic and aesthetic surgery of the pelvic floor and outer genitals. MH Seegenschmiedt, M Wielptz, E Hanslian, and F Fehlauer "Long-term Outcome of Radiotherapy for Primary and Recurrent Ledderhose Disease" in Ch. In the earliest stages of Ledderhose disease, conservative treatments can provide relief. Have you ever been diagnosed with Dupuytrens disease, Peyronies disease, knuckle pads or any other type of fibromatosis? Below we provide an overview of some of the most common autoimmune diseases. [13279] It is generally seen in middle-aged and elderly people, and occurs in men about 10 times more often than in women. A newer treatment uses injections of an enzyme called collagenase to break down the thickened tissue. What type of autoimmune disease do I have? Examples to consider include: Go to the emergency department if any of the following autoimmune disease symptoms get severe: Living with an autoimmune disease can be complicated. Accessibility If these treatments dont work and the lump is very painful, your doctor might recommend a type of surgery called fasciectomy. Find resources for patients and caregivers that address the challenges of living with a rare disease. DOI: Skalski M, et al. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. On a basic level, autoimmune disease occurs because the body's natural defenses the immune system attack the body's own healthy tissue. autoimmune hepatitis affects the liver. mezzo movimento music definition. Skin cells grow and then shed when theyre no longer needed. Because it affects the connective tissues, it is a rheumatic disease, but because there is not yet an effective medicine, treated as a surgical disease. However, there are risk factors that may increase your chances of getting an autoimmune disease. (2012). Ledderhose Disease An Unusual Presentation. Many of my forum friends on facebook post this same thing. Men are affected more often than women. It has been noted that it is an inherited disease and of variable occurrence within families, i.e. Nodules will grow slowly but will stop growing eventually and stay one size. Common ones include lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis. The disease is more common in middle-aged and older people, and it occurs much more often in men than in women. When gluten is in the small intestine, the immune system attacks this part of the gastrointestinal tract and causes inflammation. the genes necessary for it may remain dormant for a generation or more and then surface in an individual, or be present in multiple individuals in the same generation with varying degree. These treatments include: If your pain doesnt decrease or stop after several months of conservative treatment, your healthcare provider may suggest the following: In many cases, you should feel better after several weeks of proper treatment. The disease appears to run in families, and often follows an autosomal dominant inheritance 10050243. Ledderhose Disease With Concomitant Presence of Dupuytren Contracture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Show all authors Do Hyun Yun, BS 1 Do Hyun Yun Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA See all articles by this author Search Google Scholar for this author , Alisha R. Bonaroti, MD 1 Alisha R. Bonaroti [6] Since the diseased area (lesion) is not encapsulated, clinical margins are difficult to define. What Are the Causes and Symptoms of Thrombotic Microangiopathy? The etiology, evaluation, and management of plantar fibromatosis. The symptoms you have will depend on the body part (s) affected, such as: Joints, which can cause joint pain and stiffness. Repeated trauma, long-term alcohol consumption, chronic liver disease, diabetes, and epilepsy have also been reported in association with this condition. There are more than 80 autoimmune diseases. On the inserts, cut out the area around your lumps to create space for them. Symptoms include weight gain, sensitivity to cold, fatigue, hair loss, and swelling of the thyroid (goiter). Although the causes of many autoimmune diseases remain . It seems all to ironic that my Ledderhose Disease (nodules under the skin of my arches) and Dupuytren's Disease (puckering in the palm, a cord in the palm and fingers pulling inward) has so many connections to Autoimmune Diseases. These treatments may not be right for everyone and are not proven to work in every case. It is commonly characterized by palmar fibromatosis (Dupuytren's contracture) in variable combinations with plantar fibromatosis (Ledderhose's disease), penile fibromatosis (Peyronie's disease), knuckle pads, and keloids. It is named after Dr. Georg Ledderhose who detailed the disorder in 1894. Nodules or masses of plantar fibromatosis are typically located in the middle to the medial aspect of the plantar arch and may extend to involve the skin or deep structures of the foot. In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes part of your body, like your joints or skin, as foreign. Carroll P, Henshaw RM, Garwood C, Raspovic K, Kumar D. Foot Ankle Spec. Ritchlin CT, et al. Dupuytren-Like Contracture of the Foot: Ledderhose Disease. If you think you may have an autoimmune disease, see your healthcare provider as soon as possible for diagnosis and treatment. In rare cases, the disease is disabling. Doctors often use the antinuclear antibody test (ANA) when symptoms suggest an autoimmune disease. This article reviews the top 5 ways to increase your. This page is currently unavailable. They will: Your healthcare provider may conduct the following tests to diagnose Ledderhose disease: Your regular healthcare provider can diagnose and treat the earliest stages of Ledderhose disease. There are three stages to Ledderhose disease: Ledderhose disease affects people of any age. This MNT. In most cases, Dupuytren contracture can be diagnosed by the look and feel of the hands. Expert Answers: Ledderhose disease, sometimes called plantar fibromatosis or "Dupuytren's of the foot," is characterized by lumps called nodules on the underside of the foot. Plantar fibromatosis. Updated assessment of the prevalence, spectrum, and case definition of autoimmune disease. Ledderhose disease (plantar fibromatosis) is a rare disease. Research has linked a number of viral and bacterial infections to autoimmune disease, including Epstein-Barr (the virus that causes mono), Herpes Simplex 1 and 2, E. coli, and more. Autoimmune hepatitis is when the body attacks the liver, an important organ that has many functions. 2018 Apr;11(2):168-176. doi: 10.1177/1938640017751184. Patient organizations are available to help find a specialist, or advocacy and support for this specific disease. [citation needed], A combination of physical examination of the arch and plantar fascia, as well as ultrasound imaging by a physician is the usual path to diagnosis. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Because healthcare providers dont know what causes Ledderhose disease, it may not be possible to prevent it. Another key factor that can play a role in autoimmune disease is infections. Ledderhose disease is a type of plantar fibromatosis characterized by the growth of hard and round or flattened nodules (lumps) on the soles of the feet. BOTTOM LINE: The main treatment for autoimmune diseases is with medications that bring down inflammation and calm the overactive immune response. We offer radiotherapy for dupuytren's disease, ledderhose disease, keloid scars, and plantar fasciitis. There are two main types of clinical studies: People participate in clinical trials for a variety of reasons. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002754. Cleveland Clinic offers expert diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation for bone, joint or connective tissue disorders and rheumatic and immunologic diseases. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Physical therapy is often recommended for cases of Ledderhose disease. [7] Skin grafts have been shown to control recurrence of the disease. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. The success rate for this surgery is mixed, as the disease can eventually come back. Cleveland Clinic offers expert diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation for bone, joint or connective tissue disorders and rheumatic and immunologic diseases. [7] There has also been variable success in preventing recurrence by administering gadolinium. Remember that some people with an autoimmune disease can experience this when theyre pregnant. It affects the plantar fascia, which is the thick layer of tissue (ligament) that protects and supports the bottom of your foot. First time ever reported long-term results (average of 5.5 years of follow-up) link. It is rare, but nodules may appear on the toes, and the pressure from the nodules in the foot can cause the toes to contract. Epub 2018 Jan 9. If surgery is performed, the biopsy is predominantly cellular and frequently misdiagnosed as fibrosarcoma. Youre at a higher risk of developing another. Are Certain Blood Types More Prone to Autoimmune Diseases? [2][7], Radiotherapy has been shown to reduce the size of the nodules and reduce the pain associated with them. We take a look at the causes of overpronation, also known as flat feet, along with the treatment options and exercises to help manage it. Ledderhose disease is often associated with diabetes and epilepsy, but it doesnt cause them. Here, we look at some common causes of foot rashes, their treatment options, and when, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. This condition causes a deficiency of a protein made by stomach lining cells, which is an intrinsic factor needed for the small intestine to absorb vitamin B12 from food. Ledderhose disease may cause discomfort. It releases proteins called autoantibodies that attack healthy cells. ClinicalTrials.gov, an affiliate of NIH, provides current information on clinical research studies in the United States and abroad. Anything that makes them worse? Ledderhose disease often affects those who have: Ledderhose disease affects less than 200,000 people in the United States every year. While considered a taboo subject by some, many women have their lives affected by . There are some theories about why this happens, but experts arent completely sure. Often these conditions occur together. This condition is related to other connective tissue diseases, especially Dupuytrens contracture. A larger challenge is that no one knows the root biology of Dupuytren/Ledderhose/Peyronie disease - how it starts, or . Initially these nodules are usually painless but as they grow they can cause considerable pain when walking. DD is thought to be one of the most hereditary connective tissue disorder, with 4-6% of Caucasians susceptible to this disabling disorder [ 26 ], often causing severe disability [ 15 ]. In some cases, doctors may order X-rays or other imaging tests to help confirm the diagnosis. Individuals with the condition should talk to a doctor before starting any course of treatment. 2018 Mar;57(3):365-367. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13840. Some autoimmune diseases can last a lifetime. The immune system is involved, but not exactly like an autoimmune disease. Brooke Burke doesn't want people to judge a book by it's cover. /. Ledderhose disease, also called Ledderhose's Disease (LD), plantar fibromas, or Morbus Ledderhose is a fibromatosis, like Dupuytren's contracture. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Clumping of the fascia at the soles of the feet causes the disease. Have you had to go to the emergency department because of your symptoms? When the side effects include lowered . The disease is also called Morbus Ledderhose. Plantar fibromatosis, or Ledderhose disease, is a rare hyperproliferative disorder of the plantar aponeurosis. The immune system usually guards against bacteria and viruses. LedRad LTE - Study: Actual Study Start Date : May 13, 2019: Actual Primary Completion Date : January 31, 2020: Actual Study Completion Date : January 31, 2020: Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine. These are caused by a thickening in the deep connective tissue (the fascia) in the foot and can cause discomfort or pain when walking. The disease is also. Ledderhose disease or plantar fibromatosis is a rare condition affecting the bottom of the feet. Gentle stretching of the foot may help ease tight connective tissues in the feet. 1. [citation needed] Recently successful treatment of Ledderhose with cryosurgery (also called cryotherapy) has been reported. Ledderhose Disease - Long Term Effects of Radiotherapy Treatment. If your pain doesnt go away after several months of nonsurgical treatment, your healthcare provider may refer you to a foot and ankle surgeon. To find the right clinical study we recommend you: ResearchMatch helps connect people interested in research studieswith researchers from top medical centers across the United States. The primary symptom of Ledderhose disease is hard lumps on the soles of one or both of your feet. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Also available as ebook. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? IBD causes belly pain, bloating, and diarrhea. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. For example, lupus affects more African American and Hispanic people than white people. Many people with autoimmune diseases can live a normal life. In contrast to Dupuytren disease, flexion . Epub 2017 Dec 19. If so, how would that affect the treatment options? It is a minor, non-painful tumor commonly referred to as Ledderhose disease. BOTTOM LINE: Researchers dont know exactly what causes autoimmune diseases. [9], In few cases shock waves also have been reported to at least reduce pain and enable walking again. Participating in research helps researchers ultimately uncover better ways to treat, prevent, diagnose, and understand human diseases. Some of the more common autoimmune diseases include type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease. Ledderhose disease is a rare type of fibromatosis that affects your foot. Lebwohl B, et al. As in most forms of fibromatosis, it is usually benign and its onset varies with each patient. Other symptoms of Ledderhose disease can include: The toes can also show signs of the condition in some cases. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. (n.d.). They build public awareness of the disease and are a driving force behind research to improve patients' lives. Ledderhose disease: An unusual presentation. Ledderhose disease, also called plantar fibromatosis or Dupuytren's of the foot, is a benign thickening of the connective tissue (fascia) in the sole of your foot. 8600 Rockville Pike (2014). 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event, (https://www.benaroyaresearch.org/what-is-bri/disease-information/autoimmune-diseases), (https://www.autoimmuneinstitute.org/7-risk-factors-for-autoimmune-disease/), (https://www.autoimmuneinstitute.org/resources/symptomlist/), (https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/immune-disorders/allergic-reactions-and-other-hypersensitivity-disorders/autoimmune-disorders), (https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/autoimmune-diseases), (https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/autoimmune-diseases), Visitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information. Ledderhose disease, sometimes called plantar fibromatosis or "Dupuytren's of the foot," is characterized by lumps called nodules on the underside of the foot. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Doctors dont know exactly what causes the immune system to misfire. More than 80 autoimmune diseases exist. Symptoms of Ledderhose disease may include: Healthcare providers dont know what causes Ledderhose disease. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2021 Apr 28;9:2050313X211011813. According to a study published in The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, most cases involve only one foot. The pain can affect the way you walk. [2] Occasionally, the nodules may lie dormant for months to years only to begin rapid and unexpected growth. Here are 14 of the most common ones. FOIA Learn about symptoms, cause, support, and research for a rare disease. Autoimmune vasculitis happens when the immune system attacks blood vessels. Drugs that suppress (subdue) your immune system. A range of factors, Extensor tendons connect muscle to bone and are located just under the skin. Autoimmune diseases are more common in women and often run in families. Although they cant be cured, some of the symptoms can be treated. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! This treatment is also used for Dupuytrens contracture. Treatments can also help relieve symptoms. Your doctor inserts very cold probes into the lumps to freeze and kill the extra tissue. As such, portions of the diseased tissue may be left in the foot after surgery. [5], MRI and sonogram (diagnostic ultrasound) are effective in showing the extent of the lesion, but cannot reveal the tissue composition. According to a 2012 study, it affects 0.1% of people in general but nearly 2% of people over age 60. Eating a well-balanced diet and getting regular exercise may also help you feel better. Working directly with a doctor and physical therapist is the best way to ensure a comprehensive treatment plan for each icase of Ledderhose disease. There are many home remedies that people can take to help treat the disorder or reduce its symptoms. Some of the most common ones include: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), chronic inflammation of the joints that leads to pain, swelling, and stiffness. Autoimmune diseases are a broad range of related diseases in which a person's immune system produces an inappropriate response against its own cells, tissues and/or organs. Do I have any other types of fibromatosis? Diagnosing an autoimmune disease usually takes healthcare providers longer than it does to diagnose other diseases. You may experience pain, fatigue, dizziness, rashes, depression and many more symptoms. What Is This Lump on the Side of My Foot? Check for swelling, bruising, lumps, sores or deformities. (1993). Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider if you: Though Ledderhose disease is rare, it can be very painful and frustrating. Second, any treatments out there are systemic and, frankly, dangerous. Many collaborate with medical experts and researchers.Services of patient organizations differ, but may include: Clinical studies are part of clinical research and at the heart of all medical advances, including rare diseases. Notice the development of growths or bumps near the middle of the bottom of your feet. Infiltration of auto-reactive lymphocytes in thyroid . Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is composed of two main classifications: Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Your symptoms will be easier to manage if the condition is treated promptly. Common ones include lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. All rights reserved. People with Ledderhose disease may also have other conditions associated with the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue such as Dupuytren contracture, knuckle pads, or Peyronie disease. Some research suggests blood type can be a factor in your risk for certain autoimmune diseases. Fuiano M, Mosca M, Caravelli S, Massimi S, Benedetti MG, Di Caprio F, Mosca S, Zaffagnini S. Foot Ankle Surg. More than 80 diseases occur as a result of the immune system attacking the body's own organs, tissues, and cells. Your healthcare provider may refer you to a: Some experts say that what you eat affects autoimmune diseases. Dorset, Poole - Mr Jeremy Southgate. Note, GARD cannot enroll individuals in clinical studies. Other possible alternative therapies include iodine and copper, which DMSO helps the skin absorb. An official website of the United States government. Focusing on gently stretching the tissues around them is the best way to ease symptoms. A foot rash may occur due to an allergic reaction or infection. This condition is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and division that damages tissue. Plantar fasciitis is a common condition that causes pain in the heel. Types include rheumatoid arthritis, Crohns disease, and some thyroid conditions. Surgery can improve, but may not . If you have Ledderhose disease, small, hard nodules develop slowly on the bottom of your feet. Plantar Fibromatosis: Pathophysiology, Surgical and Nonsurgical Therapies: An Evidence-Based Review. Intralesional fenestration and corticosteroid injection for symptomatic Ledderhose disease of the foot: Two case reports. But this hasnt been proven. Multiple sclerosis review. They may offer online and in-person resources to help people live well with their disease. [8], The histological and ultrastructural features of Ledderhose and Dupuytren's disease are the same, which supports the hypothesis that they have a common cause and pathogenesis. eCollection 2019. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a rare but serious condition characterized by blood clots in the bodys smallest blood vessels, especially the, Maintaining optimal levels of nitric oxide in your body is essential for your overall health. Fausto de Souza D, Micaelo L, Cuzzi T, et al. Find resources for patients and caregivers that address the challenges of living with a rare disease, Learn more about the different types of clinical studies, ResearchMatch helps connect people interested in research studies, UMLSVocabulary Standards and Mappings Downloads, Access aggregated data from Orphanet at Orphadata, National Center for Biotechnology Information's, Newborn Screening Coding and Terminology Guide, Improving newborn screening laboratory test ordering and result reporting using health information exchange, Health Literacy Online: A Guide for Simplifying the User Experience, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences, Ways to connect to others and share personal stories, Up-to-date treatment and research information, Lists of specialistsor specialty centers. The growths arent cancerous, but they can cause pain, especially when you walk. Ledderhose disease is a rare condition that causes connective tissue to build up and create hard lumps on the bottoms of the feet. According to several research studies, Celiac disease and Type 1 diabetes share common genetic origins and immune mediated tissue damage. A doctor will use tests, review your symptoms, and conduct a physical examination to reach a diagnosis. Health care providers compare the hands with each other and check for puckering on the skin of the palms. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Graves disease attacks the thyroid gland in the neck, causing it to produce too much of its hormones. Tracheal deviation can be caused by various conditions. Addisons disease affects the adrenal glands, which produce the hormones cortisol and aldosterone as well as androgen hormones. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. A Western diet is another suspected risk factor for developing an autoimmune disease. Some are easily treated and some are not. Each type of IBD affects a different part of the GI tract. Careers. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Imagine that your body is a castle and your immune system is your army fighting off invaders like bacteria. de Souza DF, et al. Women are much more likely to get Hashimoto's disease. Gonalves Schrder e Souza B, et al. But other illnesses can cause the same symptoms. The nodules are usually painless at first but may grow and cause discomfort or pain. However, the procedure can cause complications such as: Treatments can improve the symptoms of Ledderhose disease. . However, it becomes more common in middle-aged or older people, with up to 25% developing the disease. Learn more about what. Orthop Res Rev. You might also want to wait until your disease is in the remission stage to try to conceive. Fig. Benign diseases that can benefit from radiation therapy include certain inflammatory conditions of the hands or feet. DMSO is a colorless and oily liquid. The disease is more commonly associated with -, There is also a suspected, although unproven, link between incidence and alcoholism, smoking, liver diseases, thyroid problems, and stressful work involving the feet. Severe chest pain/pressure to your chest. Psoriasis causes skin cells to multiply too quickly. Before Thyroid hormones control the bodys energy usage, known as metabolism. This condition may not cause symptoms in the early stages. Other tests look for specific autoantibodies produced in certain autoimmune diseases. The site is secure. Diseases like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis are complex and serious. Learn how they compare. One potential symptom of this disease is bulging eyes, called exophthalmos. Policy. 2019 Oct;25(5):559-564. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2018.06.001. Disclaimer. Unusual Intranodular Collagenase Injection: A Case of Bilateral Ledderhose Disease. Injections of superoxide dismutase have proven to be unsuccessful in curing the disease [9] while radiotherapy has been used successfully on Ledderhose nodules. It occurs when your immune system attacks your liver cells. De Souza, D.F., Micaelo, L., Cuzzi, T., & Ramos-e-Silva, M. (2010, September). Psoriatic arthritis. [8] As with Dupuytren's disease, the root cause(s) of Ledderhose's disease are not yet understood. Crohn's disease affects the gastrointestinal tract. The nodules occur in the fascia, which is a layer of connective tissue that runs throughout much of the body and, in this case, connects the heel bone to the toes. The overlying skin is freely movable. There are some risk factors associated with the disorder. Cardiovascular health: Insomnia linked to greater risk of heart attack. It may be difficult or even impossible to straighten your toes. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. But according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, about one in four people with the condition report tenderness, . Our Information Specialists are available to you by phone or by filling out our contact form. We explain the different characteristics between Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis, which are both part of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Follow your healthcare providers instructions for at-home treatments. These are caused by a thickening in the deep connective tissue (the fascia) in the foot and can cause discomfort or pain when walking . eCollection 2020 Apr. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Blood tests that look for autoantibodies can help doctors diagnose these conditions. During a flare-up, your symptoms may get severe for a while. Hayter SM, et al. There is a higher risk for stillbirth or preterm birth if you have lupus. Stay in touch with your healthcare provider about any advances in understanding and treating autoimmune diseases. Young JR, Sternbach S, Willinger M, et al. Risk factors include: Symptoms categorized by type of disease include: It varies. 1951; Seegenschmiedt 2007 ). Ledderhose disease: an unusual presentation. Pernicious anemia is more common in older adults. Overview Ledderhose disease is a rare condition that causes connective tissue to build up and create hard lumps on the bottoms of the feet. It can occur as a part of Graves ophthalmopathy, which occurs in around 30% of those with Graves disease, according to a 1993 study. PMC Additionally, feet have to carry heavy load, and surgery might have unpleasant side effects. The immune system is involved, but not exactly like an autoimmune disease. It is a result of overuse. When it senses these foreign invaders, it sends out an army of fighter cells to attack them. and transmitted securely. Your healthcare provider can help you figure out how to manage your symptoms so that you can participate in your daily activities. Talk to your primary healthcare provider or dietitian about an ideal nutrition plan. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26425380/), (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24043350/). 2019 May;60(5):230-235. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2019043. It is thought that if you have this disease, you may have genetic markers or family history that put you at a higher risk of getting it. Clinical studies are medical research involving people as participants. The disease comes in several forms that progress at different rates. 2018 Dec 17;11:1-7. doi: 10.2147/ORR.S154289. Some autoimmune diseases run in families. The etiology, evaluation, and management of plantar fibromatosis. (2010). Dupuytren's contracture Risk factors and possible causes, "OMIM Entry -% 126900 - DUPUYTREN CONTRACTURE", "The Vikings and Baron Dupuytren's disease", "Ledderhose Disease: plantar fibromatosis", "Dupuytren's Contracture and Plantar Fibromatosis", "Plantar Fibromatosis aka Ledderhose Disease - Foot Pain Explored", http://www.dupuytren-online.info/ASTRO_2006/Poster_Ledderhose_ASTRO_06.JPG, "The etiology, evaluation, and management of plantar fibromatosis", "Point-Counterpoint: Is Conservative Care The Best Approach For Plantar Fibromatosis?
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