1 / 24. The upper fibers act to extend the neck, elevate, and upwardly rotate. Origin: Clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-7 Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus Action: flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm, Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm, Origin: thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus (spirals from your back under your arm) Action: adducts humerus (pulls shoulder back and down), Origin: Lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Laterally rotates and adducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint, Origin: Long head; superior margin of glenoid fossa Short Head; Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Radial Tuberosity Action: Flexes arm, flexes forearm, supinates hand, Origin: Anterior, distal surface of humerus Insertion: coronoid process of ulna Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula, lateral and posterior surface of humerus Insertion: Olecranon process, tuberosity of ulna Action: Extends and adducts arm, extends forearm, Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Symphysis Pubis (inferior ramus of pubis) The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle lateral most, the abductor medial most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. This is logical because this muscle inserts broadly at an angle across much of the back of the head, so it attaches to both lateral structures (the mastoid processes) and medial structures (the occipital bone). We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. (Superior part: Anterior surface of superior angle. It arises from the spinous processes of the T7-L5 (L = Lumbar) vertebrae, costals 8-12, inferior angle of the scapula, and iliac crest. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Most anatomy courses will require that you at least know the name and location of the major muscles, though some anatomy courses will also require you to know the function (or action), the insertion and origin, and so on. The brachialis originates on the humerus, and it inserts on the front of the ulna. When these muscles act unilaterally, the head rotates. The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. In addition, you might want to watch our anatomy and physiology lectures on YouTube, or check our anatomy and physiology notes. 3 in extensor compartment of arm: 3 heads of triceps (long, medial, lateral), 3 thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis (+adductor pollicis), 3 hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minmi (+palmaris brevis), 3 metacarpal muscles: dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals, 3 abductors of digits: dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, Flexor carpi radialis muscle (cross-sectional view) -National Library of Medicine, Superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis muscle (ventral view) -Yousun Koh, Lumbrical muscles of the hand (ventral view) -Yousun Koh. This compartment is anterior in anatomical position. Separate the muscles into compartments (already done for the leg muscles). Join the nursing revolution. Muscles of Face ----- skull----- skin of face----- facial expression Orbicularis oculi frontal and maxilla & tissue of eyelid closes eye ligaments around orbit The styloglossus originates on the styloid process of the temporal bone, and allows upward and backward motion. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). psoas major - origin : lumbar vertebrae It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! The muscle also forms the medial border of the cubital fossa. This complete MBLEx prep course covers all sections of the FSMTB Massage & Bodywork Licensing Exam, and includes full MBLEx practice tests and quizzes. The muscles of facial expression originate from the surface of the skull or the fascia (connective tissue) of the face. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Origin: from the ischium of the pelvis Insertion: the tibia of the lower leg. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. A rotator cuff tear presents with general pain with overhead activities and may present with night pain. insertion: top of scapula It inserts on the distal phalangesof the 2nd to 5th digits and acts to flex the distal IP joints of the fingers. A synergist is a muscle that enhances the action of the agonist. It acts as an adductor, medial rotator, and flexor of the arm at the shoulder joint. It arises from the trapezium and transverse carpal ligament. It is innervated by the medial and lateral pectoral nerves. Mnemonics to recall the muscles of the rotator cuff are:. Medial border: Insertion of 3 muscles Mnemonic: SLR - all supplied by nerves from ROOT of brachial plexus Anteriorly: Serratus anterior (Long thoracic nerve) Posteriorly: Superiorly: Levator scapulae (Dorsal scapular nerve) Inferiorly: Rhomboids - minor superior to major (Dorsal scapular nerve) SLR and SIT mnemonic for scapular muscle attachment b. This expression of trauma makes the hand appear to be dorsiflexed. It is innervated by the medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves. The neurovascular bundle (intercostal nerve, artery and vein) will separate these two muscles. It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. This muscle also modulates the movement of the deltoid like the other rotator cuff muscles. Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! Some axial muscles cross over to the appendicular skeleton. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. Articulation Movement Overview & Types | How Muscular Contraction Causes Articulation, Semispinalis Capitis | Origin, Insertion & Action, Soft Tissue Injury Repair: Stages & Massage Therapy Support, SAT Subject Test Biology: Practice and Study Guide, UExcel Anatomy and Physiology II: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Praxis Biology and General Science: Practice and Study Guide, Praxis Biology: Content Knowledge (5236) Prep, Introduction to Biology: Certificate Program, Human Anatomy & Physiology: Help and Review, UExcel Microbiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Basic Genetics: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Genetics: Certificate Program, Middle School Life Science: Help and Review, Holt McDougal Modern Biology: Online Textbook Help, Biology 101 Syllabus Resource & Lesson Plans, Create an account to start this course today. Copyright 2023 RegisteredNurseRN.com. The muscle is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. It acts to draw the scapula lateral, forward, downward, and stabilizes the scapula. Forearm muscle origins on humerus: Supinator, Medial Tricep, Lateral Tricep, Pronator, Brachialis. This is a fracture of the distal third of the radial shaft with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. Author: For example, upper limb muscles are grouped by shoulder and arm, forearm and hand. The opponens digiti minimi arises from the hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum. It inserts onto the deltoid tuberosity, which is a roughened elevated patch found on the lateral surface of the humerus. The muscles of the head and neck are all axial. This also helps you understand its action (s) as well as what injuries may be present if there is pain in relevant areas. This happens due to overuse, such as with a competitive swimmer or shotput thrower. insertion: spinus process of scapula The damaged nerve causes a weakened serratus anterior, leading to the scapula not being pulled down and in during circumduction. It inserts onto the radial aspect of the 1st metacarpal. The second way to describe a muscle's action is based on the joint, or the articulation. This muscle primary retracts the scapula, elevates the medial border, and also stabilizes the scapula against the thoracic wall. Bony Landmarks Types & Identification | What are Femur Landmarks? The muscles of the anterior neck assist in deglutition (swallowing) and speech by controlling the positions of the larynx (voice box), and the hyoid bone, a horseshoe-shaped bone that functions as a foundation on which the tongue can move. Do you struggle with straight memorization? The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. You can listen to the song below, and then take the free major muscle quiz. [3] Origin and Insertion Kenhub. It causes flexion of the interphalangeal joint (IP joint) of the thumb, as well as flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MP joint). The particular movement is a direct result of the muscle attachment. It has an essential role in initiating the first 15 degrees of abduction (move away from the body). Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Differentiate between origin and insertion, as well as proximal and distal, Explain how agonists, antagonists and synergists work together to control muscle movement. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. The triceps brachii originates on the back of the scapula and humerus, and inserts on the back of the ulna in the forearm. Rhomboid major muscle:This is a ribbon like rhomboid shaped muscle that arises from the spinous processes of the T2-T5 (T = thoracic) vertebraeand inserts onto the medial border of the scapula. Axial muscles originate on the axial skeleton (the bones in the head, neck, and core of the body), whereas appendicular muscles originate on the bones that make up the bodys limbs. The muscle is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. The masseter muscle is the prime movermuscle for chewing because it elevates the mandible (lower jaw) to close the mouth, and it is assisted by the temporalis muscle, which retracts the mandible. Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (spirals underarm to front . Sample Decks: Muscles Actions, Origins, and Insertions of the Pelvic Complex and Hip (week 5), The Structure of The Knee Joint (week 6), The Foot and Ankle (week 6) Show Class. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. All three heads unite and insert onto the olecranon process and fascia of the ulna. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. Remaining 0 Correct 0 Wrong 0 Press play! Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. The serratus anterior muscle originates from the 1st to 8th or 9th rib s and inserts at the anterior surface of the scapula.
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